abstract：:Eosinophil recruitment to the airways, including involvement of haemopoietic eosinophil-basophil progenitors (Eo/B-CFU), is primarily regulated by interleukin-5 (IL-5) and eotaxin. In this study, we investigated the haemopoietic mechanisms in upper and lower airway eosinophilic inflammation. Ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Li J,Saito H,Crawford L,Inman MD,Cyr MM,Denburg JA

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Examples suggesting that all or part of the V(H) segment of a rearranged V(H)DJ(H) may be replaced by all or part of another V(H) have been appearing since the 1980s. Evidence has been presented of two rather different types of replacement. One of these has gained acceptance and has now been clearly demonstrated to oc...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Darlow JM,Stott DI

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fas/Fas-ligand (FasL) system plays an important role in regulation of apoptosis and the immune response, and is exploited by mycobacteria to evade the immune response. This study was performed to investigate the distribution and levels of FasL and Fas in lymph node granulomas and sera of tuberculous lymphadenitis ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Mustafa T,Mogga SJ,Mfinanga SG,Mørkve O,Sviland L

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Summary Diverse immunotherapy approaches have achieved success in controlling individual aspects of immune responses in animal models. Transfer of such immunotherapies to clinical trials has obtained some success in patients, with clinical responses observed or effective antigen specific immune responses achieved, but...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Crittenden MR,Thanarajasingam U,Vile RG,Gough MJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of tuberculosis have suggested a shift in dominance from a T helper type 1 (Th1) towards a Th2 immune response that is associated with suppressed cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses and increased humoral responses as the disease progresses. In this study a natural host disease model was used to investigate th...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Welsh MD,Cunningham RT,Corbett DM,Girvin RM,McNair J,Skuce RA,Bryson DG,Pollock JM

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, nitric oxide (NO), a gas previously considered to be a potentially toxic chemical, has been established as a diffusible universal messenger that mediates cell-cell communication throughout the body. Constitutive and inducible NO production regulate numerous essential functions of the gastrointestinal ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Kolios G,Valatas V,Ward SG

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Different genetic mutations have been described in complement component C7 deficiency, a molecular defect clinically associated with an increased susceptibility to neisserial recurrent infections. In this work we report the genetic basis of C7 deficiency in two different Spanish families (family 1 and family 2). In fa...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Barroso S,Sánchez B,Alvarez AJ,López-Trascasa M,Lanuza A,Luque R,Wichmann I,Núñez-Roldán A

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apolipoprotein-E (apoE) is expressed at high levels by macrophages. In addition to its role in lipid transport, macrophage-derived apoE plays an important role in immunoregulation. Previous studies have identified macrophage subpopulations that differ substantially in their ability to synthesize specific cytokines and...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Tedla N,Glaros EN,Brunk UT,Jessup W,Garner B

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study describes a subtractive hybridization analysis to identify differences in gene expression between sibling Th memory clones, elicited by virus infection and expressing identical T-cell receptor (TCR)-alphabeta rearrangements but distinct lymphokine phenotype: clone Bpp9 secretes interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Graham CM,Thomas DB

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophages play important roles in the clearance of dying and dead cells. Typically, and perhaps simplistically, they are viewed as the professional phagocytes of apoptotic cells. Clearance by macrophages of cells undergoing apoptosis is a non-phlogistic phenomenon which is often associated with actively anti-inflamm...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Gregory CD,Devitt A

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate the T-cell large-scale differential gene expression in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients presenting with glomerulonephritis we studied SLE patients before and after immunosuppressive treatment. Large-scale gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear T cells was evaluated using cDNA microarray...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Pereira E,Tamia-Ferreira MC,Cardoso RS,Mello SS,Sakamoto-Hojo ET,Passos GA,Donadi EA

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complement fragment C5a is a potent leucocyte chemoattractant and activator, mediating its effects through a G-protein-coupled receptor. Whilst the C-terminal domain of this receptor has been shown to be essential for receptor desensitization and internalization, it is not known which domains couple to the recepto...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Auger GA,Smith BM,Pease JE,Barker MD

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is a key mediator of the immune response to mycobacterial infections, and mutations in TLR2 have been shown to confer susceptibility to infection with mycobacteria. This study investigated the profiles of cytokines, such as interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12 and tumour necro...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Kang TJ,Yeum CE,Kim BC,You EY,Chae GT

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence indicates that B cells may undergo sequential rearrangements at the light chain loci, despite already expressing light chain receptors. This phenomenon may occur in the bone marrow and, perhaps, in germinal centers. As immunoglobulin (Ig)kappa light chains usually rearrange before Iglambda light ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Perfetti V,Vignarelli MC,Palladini G,Navazza V,Giachino C,Merlini G

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytokines and their receptors represent key targets for therapeutic intervention. Ligands are being used to supplement cell numbers that become depleted as a result of disease (organ failure, infection) or subsequent disease treatments (i.e. chemotherapy). Conversely, the inhibition of target cell binding by cytokines...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Sivakumar PV,Foster DC,Clegg CH

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Class switch recombination (CSR) is a T-cell-dependent mechanism regulating isotype switching in activated mature B cells. Recently we showed that T-cell-independent CSRs occur spontaneously during B lymphopoiesis, but such cells are negatively selected by Fas signalling. In immunoglobulin mu-deficient mice, lack of F...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Seagal J,Melamed D

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to expand tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in vitro has been greatly enhanced by the use of antigen-independent mechanisms of immune cell costimulation. We have produced human, using the K562 cell line, and murine, using YAC-1 cells, artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPC) and demonstrate that these cell...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Yan X,Johnson BD,Orentas RJ

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug abuse is a global problem of considerable concern to health. One such health concern stems from the fact that many drugs of abuse have immunosuppressive actions and consequently have the potential to increase susceptibility to infectious disease. This article is focused on the impact of the amphetamine derivative...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Connor TJ

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) reporter constructs containing up to 3.3 kb of upstream promoter sequence were transiently transfected into both Jurkat and HUT78 human T-cell lines. In Jurkat cells, stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus phytohemaglutinin (PHA) prod...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Bergmann MW,Staples KJ,Barnes PJ,Newton R

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthesis of interferon (IFN)-gamma by natural killer (NK) cells is an important pro-inflammatory event with interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 playing major inductive roles. However, other temporal events are likely to regulate such processes and as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is ubiquitous during inflammation this study test...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Walker W,Rotondo D

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oral administration of antigen induces a state of tolerance that is associated with activation of CD8+ T cells that can transfer unresponsiveness to naïve syngeneic hosts. These T cells are not lytic, but they inhibit development of antibody, CD4+ T helper cell, and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses upon ado...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Kapp JA,Kapp LM,McKenna KC,Lake JP

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) are extensively used in vaccine development. Macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) or simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIV) are the best animal model currently available for acquired-immune-deficiency-syndrome-related studies. Recent results emphasize the ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Scinicariello F,Engleman CN,Jayashankar L,McClure HM,Attanasio R

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigenic encounter by T cells induces immunological synapse formation and T-cell activation. Using different concentrations of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) as stimulus, we examined the capacities of dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages (Mphi) to prime syngeneic naive T cells. DCs were, under all experimental...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Rothoeft T,Gonschorek A,Bartz H,Anhenn O,Schauer U

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Factors that influence the generation and maintenance of memory CD8+ T cells are not fully understood. The homeostasis of memory T cells is highly dynamic and tightly regulated by various stimuli, including cytokines and antigen-major histocompatibility complex ligands. We characterized the hepatitis C virus (HCV)-spe...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Elrefaei M,El-Sheikh N,Kamal K,Cao H

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Induction of expression of adhesion molecules is a crucial step in inflammation. The role of interleukin-18 (IL-18) in induction of various adhesion molecules was investigated in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and human monocyte and T-cell lines. IL-18 selectively up-regulated intercellular adhesi...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Stuyt RJ,Netea MG,Geijtenbeek TB,Kullberg BJ,Dinarello CA,van der Meer JW

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of the lymph node homing and CC-chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), with L-selectin (CD62L), has been shown to divide human memory T cells into two functionally distinct subsets. We generated a polyclonal antibody against murine CCR7 and used this antibody to study CCR7 expression on murine T-cell subsets. Using f...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Bjorkdahl O,Barber KA,Brett SJ,Daly MG,Plumpton C,Elshourbagy NA,Tite JP,Thomsen LL

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown that human endothelial cells (EC) are protected against complement-mediated injury by the inducible expression of decay-accelerating factor (DAF). To understand further the importance of DAF regulation, we characterized EC DAF expression on murine EC in vitro and in vivo using a model of glomerulonephrit...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Ahmad SR,Lidington EA,Ohta R,Okada N,Robson MG,Davies KA,Leitges M,Harris CL,Haskard DO,Mason JC

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two phenotypically distinct subpopulations of dendritic cells (SIRPalpha+ CC81Ag- DC and SIRPalpha- CC81Ag+ DC) have previously been identified in bovine afferent lymph which show functional differences when assayed in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether differences in cytokine production betwe...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Stephens SA,Brownlie J,Charleston B,Howard CJ

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD40/CD154 interaction is essential for both humoral and cellular immune response. We investigated whether this interaction could be altered in patients with kidney failure who are known to present an impaired immune response. To that aim, we measured the levels of the soluble form of CD40 (sCD40), which is known to i...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Contin C,Pitard V,Delmas Y,Pelletier N,Defrance T,Moreau JF,Merville P,Déchanet-Merville J

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increasing evidence that primitive progenitors migrate from the bone marrow (BM) via the peripheral circulation to tissue sites where they undergo in situ differentiation to provide a continued source of effector cells, such as eosinophils, during an allergic inflammatory response. To study mechanisms of prog...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Sehmi R,Dorman S,Baatjes A,Watson R,Foley R,Ying S,Robinson DS,Kay AB,O'Byrne PM,Denburg JA

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The linker protein LAT is expressed mainly in T and natural killer (NK) cells. LAT-deficient mice have an arrest of intrathymic T-cell development at the CD4+ CD8+ stage and lack mature T cells in the periphery. However, no gross abnormality in development and function of the B and NK cells has been described. Here we...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Oya K,Wang J,Watanabe Y,Koga R,Watanabe T

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2B4 (CD244) is a member of the CD2 subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily and functions as a triggering molecule on natural killer (NK) cells. Previously, we have found that 2B4-mediated activation of NK cells involves complex interactions involving LAT, Ras, Raf, ERK and p38 and that cytolytic function and cytokine...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Chuang SS,Lee JK,Mathew PA

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soluble low-affinity receptors for IgG are known to inhibit immune complex (IC)-mediated inflammation, and expression by leukocytes is elevated in several inflammatory diseases. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) rheumatoid factors (RF), anti-Fc autoantibodies, are found in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Wines BD,Gavin A,Powell MS,Steinitz M,Buchanan RR,Mark Hogarth P

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) and p-nonylphenol (NP) are representative endocrine disruptors (EDs) that may have adverse effects on human health. The influence of these compounds on allergic immune responses remains unclear. In this study, we have examined the effects of BPA and NP on production of interleukin-4 (IL-4), a pro-inf...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Lee MH,Chung SW,Kang BY,Park J,Lee CH,Hwang SY,Kim TS

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Repetitive stimulation of naïve T cells by immature splenic dendritic cells (DC) can result in the differentiation of T-cell lines with regulatory properties. In the present study we identified a population of DC in the mucosae that exhibit the plasmacytoid phenotype, secrete interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) following sti...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Bilsborough J,George TC,Norment A,Viney JL

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A hapten-specific lymphocyte proliferation assay, which measures the in vitro stimulation of DNA synthesis (as assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation), was used to determine systemic immunization induced by an epicutaneously applied hapten in addition to the more commonly used method which measures ear (or footpad) s...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Suzuki K,Kanamori S,Takada K,Kawana S

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene ablation studies in mice indicate that lymphotoxin (LT)alpha, LTbeta and LTbetaR are essential for the genesis of lymph nodes (LN), normal structural development of peripheral lymphoid tissues and the differentiation of natural killer (NK) cells. LTbetaR binds to the heterotrimeric cytokines LTalpha1beta2 and LIG...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Kather A,Chantakru S,He H,Minhas K,Foster R,Markert UR,Pfeffer K,Croy BA

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gammadelta T cells are unique, and their localization at sites of infection is considered critical in immune defence. We demonstrate the accumulation of gammadelta T cells in rat regional popliteal lymph nodes (PLNi) starting 2 days after inoculation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) into the footpad. Early-appearance PLNi gam...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Dyugovskaya L,Hirsh M,Ginsburg H

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the individual CD8+ populations with natural killer (NK) cell markers (NK-type T cell); CD56 single positive (CD56)-T cells, CD56/CD57 double positive (DP)-T cells and CD57 single positive (CD57)-T cells in the peripheral blood. All NK-type T-cell populations expressed CD122 and intermediate levels of ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Takayama E,Koike Y,Ohkawa T,Majima T,Fukasawa M,Shinomiya N,Yamaguchi T,Konishi M,Hiraide H,Tadakuma T,Seki S

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MUC1 is a transmembrane mucin that is expressed on ductal epithelial cells and epithelial malignancies and has been proposed as a target antigen for immunotherapy. The expression of MUC1 has recently been reported on T and B cells. In this study we demonstrate that following activation in vivo or activation by differe...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Correa I,Plunkett T,Vlad A,Mungul A,Candelora-Kettel J,Burchell JM,Taylor-Papadimitriou J,Finn OJ

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00